Short-term trend: Presumably stable. The species is found in numerous ecozones with differing habitat trends. Within areas of high human habitation, bee population and habitat trends centre around the loss of floral resources and nest sites. Cumulative threats will include habitat conversion, increased pesticide use, invasive non-native species, fire suppression resulting in natural succession of otherwise open habitats (e.g., sand ecoystems, meadow habitats, etc), climate change (including increased drought), livestock overgrazing, etc. These threats may not applicable to portions of ecozones with large natural areas. Species specific threats are unstudied for most bees. Long-term trend: Presumably stable. The species is found in numerous ecozones with differing historic habitat trends. Ecozones with long histories of high human habitation have experienced extensive habitat conversion, modification and fragmentation, all of which have led to loss of floral resources and nest sites. Specific long-term effects include habitat conversion, increased pesticide use, invasive non-native species, fire suppression resulting in natural succession of otherwise open habitats (e.g., sand ecoystems, meadow habitats, etc), climate change (including increased drought), livestock overgrazing, etc. These threats may not applicable to portions of ecozones with large natural areas. Without the historic habitat mapping, surveys and long-term abundance data for each bee species, it is not possible to determine the historic effect to bees within most regions of Canada.