Sandhill Crane

Antigone canadensis (Grus canadensis)

General Status Rank: 
Secure
ELCODE: 
ABNMK01010
Common Name: 
Sandhill Crane
Scientific Name: 
Antigone canadensis (Grus canadensis)
Synonyms: 
Grus canadensis
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Taxonomy
Group: 
Bird
Kingdom: 
Animalia
Phylum: 
Chordata
Class: 
Aves
Order: 
Gruiformes
Family: 
Gruidae
References: 
B004
General Biology

Female Age at Maturity

3-7 years
References: 
CS13

Longevity

oldest known from Mid-continent population is 19 years
References: 
CS06

Economic/Human Considerations

gamebird in some jurisdictions - predaceous on some agricultural pests
Habitat
marshes, bogs and flat tundra
References: 
B004
H108
Distribution

Ecozones

Arctic Cordillera, Northern Arctic, Southern Arctic, Taiga Plains, Taiga Shield, Boreal Plains
References: 
B004

Distribution

0.90; Range extent calculated by multiplying the percent area that the species is found in by the area of NT. Range extent covers entire NWT mainland. Range extent visually estimated from range map in "Distribution of birds in NWT & Nunavut: 2009 Review" (CWS).
Score: 
G
References: 
B004
Winter Distribution Description: 
southern U.S. to central Mexico and Cuba

Number of Occurrences

large extent of breeding range and dispersed nesting habit suggest large number of occurrences
Score: 
CE
References: 
H108

Historical Distribution

all - except cordillera
References: 
B004

Area of Occupancy

stable
Score: 
-
References: 
H108
LWR01
MAF12
MAF5
Population

Population Size

large
Score: 
FG
References: 
MAF8
Trends

Trends

stable;National trend suggest stable overall - special winter surveys indicate increase
References: 
H108
LWR01
MAF12
MAF5
Threats

Threats

no significant threats apparent in the NWT
Score: 
C
References: 
MAF8

Intrinsic Vulnerability

no significant threats on NWT breeding areas;threats to habitat likely to occur on migration and wintering areas
Score: 
-
References: 
MAF8
General Status Rank
Rank: 
Secure
S Rank: 
S5
Decision Process Description: 
Drafted by Committee, Vicky Jonhston, Leslie Wakelyn, Suzanne Carriere, Jim Hines, Mike Fournier in 2000. Reviewed in 2005 by J. Hines and C. Swoboda based on printed literature only, no change in status.; Reviewed in 2010;no change; Reviewed by Danica Hogan CWS in 2015, no change
Last Updated: 
February 2, 2015

References

Age Of Maturity

  • Tacha, T. C., Haley, D. E., Vohs, P. A. (1989) Age of sexual maturity in Sandhill Cranes from mid-ental North America. Journal of Wildlife Management 53: 43–46. - CS13 Return

Area of Occupancy

  • Fournier M.A. (1999) Personal Communication. - H108 Return
  • Downes, C.M., E.H. Dunn and C.M Francis (2000) Canadian Landbird Monitoring Strategy: monitoring needs and priorities into the new millenium.. Partners in Flight - Canada A 9-15 EC-CWS, Yellowknife (L. Wakelyn) - or communicate with Erica H. Dunn, CWS in Hull, QC, at erica.dunn@ec,gc,ca - LWR01 Return
  • Dunn, E. (1997) Setting priorities for conservation, research and monitoring of Canada's landbirds. Canadian Wildlife Service Technical Report Series Number 293 RWED Library QL81.5 .c21 no. 095 - MAF12 Return
  • Dunn, E. (1996) Trends in "other" waterbirds. Environment Canada / Canadian Wildlife Service Bird Trends, No.5, Fall 1996 CWS Office - Mike Fournier - MAF5 Return

Ecozones

  • Godfrey WE (1986) The Birds of Canada. National Museums of Canada Revised Edition RWED Library Call #QL685.G6 - B004 Return

Habitat

  • Godfrey WE (1986) The Birds of Canada. National Museums of Canada Revised Edition RWED Library Call #QL685.G6 - B004 Return
  • Fournier M.A. (1999) Personal Communication. - H108 Return

Historical Distribution

  • Godfrey WE (1986) The Birds of Canada. National Museums of Canada Revised Edition RWED Library Call #QL685.G6 - B004 Return

Intrinsic Vulnerability

  • Tacha, T.C. and C.E. Braun (1994) Migratory shore and upland game bird management in North America. International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Revised Edition - MAF8 Return

Longevity

  • M. K. Klimkiewicz, A. G. Futcher (1989) Longevity records of North American birds: supplement 1. Journal of Field Ornithology 60: 469–494 - CS06 Return

NWT Known Subspecies

Godfrey WE (1986) The Birds of Canada. National Museums of Canada Revised Edition RWED Library Call #QL685.G6 - B004 Return

Number of Occurrences

  • Fournier M.A. (1999) Personal Communication. - H108 Return

Population Size

Tacha, T.C. and C.E. Braun (1994) Migratory shore and upland game bird management in North America. International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Revised Edition - MAF8 Return

Range Extent

  • Godfrey WE (1986) The Birds of Canada. National Museums of Canada Revised Edition RWED Library Call #QL685.G6 - B004 Return

Short Term Trends

  • Fournier M.A. (1999) Personal Communication. - H108 Return
  • Downes, C.M., E.H. Dunn and C.M Francis (2000) Canadian Landbird Monitoring Strategy: monitoring needs and priorities into the new millenium.. Partners in Flight - Canada A 9-15 EC-CWS, Yellowknife (L. Wakelyn) - or communicate with Erica H. Dunn, CWS in Hull, QC, at erica.dunn@ec,gc,ca - LWR01 Return
  • Dunn, E. (1997) Setting priorities for conservation, research and monitoring of Canada's landbirds. Canadian Wildlife Service Technical Report Series Number 293 RWED Library QL81.5 .c21 no. 095 - MAF12 Return
  • Dunn, E. (1996) Trends in "other" waterbirds. Environment Canada / Canadian Wildlife Service Bird Trends, No.5, Fall 1996 CWS Office - Mike Fournier - MAF5 Return

Taxonomy

  • Godfrey WE (1986) The Birds of Canada. National Museums of Canada Revised Edition RWED Library Call #QL685.G6 - B004 Return

Threats

  • Tacha, T.C. and C.E. Braun (1994) Migratory shore and upland game bird management in North America. International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Revised Edition - MAF8 Return